![]() To learn about current recommendations, please call one of our clinical consultation lines. This Case of the Month includes consultation based on the most up-to-date evidence at the time of its publication. They do not constitute medical advice and are not to serve as a substitute for medical judgment. ![]() HIV infection is unlikely in this scenario and this is likely a false positive 4th generation HIV test.īecause CCC consultations are based on information provided by the caller or clinician accessing the online consultation center, without the benefit of a direct evaluation or examination of the patient, consultations are intended to be used as a guide. False reactivity on the EIA or Western Blot assays can be due to HLA antibody, autoimmune diseases (such as lupus), cross reactivity to yeast, or to other contaminating antigens used to prepare the HIV antigens. Infection is unlikely if any of the bands that usually reveal HIV (p24, gp41, and gp120/160) are negative. If there is significant concern regarding HIV-2 infection, it may be helpful to identify the Western Blot bands, as some patterns can be more suspicious for HIV-2. Also, if using 4th generation testing, the Multispot test is the next stage in the algorithm. type 2 antibodies, as the Multispot is the only test that provides this specificity. A Multispot follow-up test could be used to differentiate HIV type 1 vs. This is likely a false positive 4th generation test. Given this patient’s risk history, how should these test results be interpreted? CCC consultant advice The patient’s partner had also been sober for 2 years and had negative HIV screening tests multiple times as well. The patient’s viral load was checked and was negative (VL<20). Once again the test was positive, repetitively reactive ELISA results, and an inconclusive Western Blot test. A repeat 4th generation test was done at the physician’s clinic approximately 6 weeks later. The patient then went to Planned Parenthood with a buccal swab, with negative results. The physician did not have information about which WB bands were reactive. The patient had initially had a 4th generation HIV test that was repeatedly reactive but the Western Blot (WB) was indeterminate. He had been sober for 2 years at the time of the screening test. You should be checked at the time of the exposure and over the next 4 to 6 months.You are here: Home › Cases of Interest › Case of the Month: Possible False Positive HIV Test Case of the Month: Possible False Positive HIV TestĪ physician called about HIV screening for a 38-year-old man who wanted to be tested because he was getting married and had a history of injection drug use. Pregnant women should be tested with each pregnancy, even if the testing was negative with earlier pregnancies.Īre a healthcare worker who has been stuck by a contaminated needle or device. This is because STIs generally suggest the possibility of high-risk behavior.Īre pregnant. Needle-sharing has been linked with the spread of HIV infections.Īre diagnosed with a different sexually transmitted infection (STI). Testing is important to protect yourself and others, since you can be infected with the virus even if you don't feel sick. Men who have sex with men should be tested every 3 to 6 months. You may also have this test if you've had unprotected sex and want to find out if you are HIV-positive. Although both techniques are based on the principle of binding specific antibodies to target proteins, they have different applications and advantages. You may need this test if you have symptoms of an HIV-1 infection. ELISA (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and Western blotting are two of the most commonly used techniques in molecular biology for the detection and quantification of proteins. But they are not as common as they used to be. Other follow-up tests, such as ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and Western blot, may still be used. You will need this test to confirm the HIV-1 infection if you test positive on the first antigen/antibody combination immunoassay test and negative or undetermined on the antibody differentiation immunoassay. This test is to confirm HIV and find out if you have HIV-1 or HIV-2. ![]() HIV-1/HIV-2 antibody differentiation immunoassay. If you test positive for HIV, the CDC advises the following follow-up tests: The HIV antibody test advised by the CDC is the HIV-1/2 antigen/antibody combination immunoassay test. Your body makes these antibodies when you have been exposed to HIV, the virus that causes AIDS.Īll tests for HIV antibodies will look for HIV-1, which is more common than HIV-2 in the U.S. Combination tests have been developed to find HIV antibodies and HIV antigens called p24 antigens. ![]() The test looks for HIV-1 antibodies in your blood.
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